Elephantnose Fish
Gnathonemus petersii
(Gunther, 1862)
What are they and how big do they get?
The elephantnose fish is a type of mormyrid.
Mormyrids are a superfamily of African freshwater fishes classified under the order Osteoglossiformes. These fish are known for their ability to produce an electric discharge.
The elephantnose fish is commonly referred to by several names, including long-nose elephant fish and Peter's elephantnose.
In the wild, these fish can grow to about 12-14 in (30 cm) in length, while those kept in captivity typically remain smaller, usually reaching around 9 in (22 cm).
What temperature can they be kept at?
Elephantnose fish are tropical fish that should be kept within a range of 22-28 °C (71-82 °F).
How many can be kept together?
A single specimen, or a group consisting of 6 or more.
Water parameters?
pH - 6.0-8.0
dGH - 5-19
What do they eat in captivity and how often should they be fed?
Dried foods are typically not accepted by elephantnose fish.
Small live and frozen foods, including bloodworm, daphnia, cyclops, and brine shrimp, are eagerly accepted.
Elephantnose fish should be fed on a regular basis.
Which tankmates are recommended?
Tankmate options are plentiful.
However, if your aim is to create an African-themed aquarium, options may include the following fish: Arnoldichthys spilopterus, Pantodon buchholzi, and Phenacogrammus interruptus—all of which are routinely stocked stock.
The aquarium?
Elephantnose fish are nocturnal, so it's important to house them in a dimly lit environment with plenty of shaded areas.
Shaded areas can be created by strategically arranging pieces of bogwood and rocks to form caves and tunnels. While these natural materials may enhance the aquarium's appearance, PVC pipe sections can also be used effectively for the same purpose, even if they are less visually appealing.
An aquarium for elephantnose fish should contain a soft, sandy substrate. These fish feature a highly sensitive trunk-like extension on their chin. The 'trunk' is used to probe the substrate when searching for food morsels. To protect the delicate 'trunk,' it is essential to provide a soft, sandy substrate to prevent any potential damage.
Floating plants are a beneficial addition to an aquarium housing elephantnose fish. They effectively help diffuse bright aquarium lights.
Will they breed in captivity?
Breeding is unlikely.
Studies suggest that elephantnose fish cannot determine each other's sex when they are in the confines of an aquarium.
Elephantnose fish rely on their electric organ for communication and determining sex. However, when in an aquarium, the electric organ doesn't function as it should, thus presenting a challenge for both pairing and breeding efforts.
Other notes
Elephantnose fish are generally considered 'scaleless,' deeming them sensitive to fluctuating water parameters and medications.
Prior to administering any treatments, it is always worth double-checking the manufacturer's guidelines to ensure that they're safe to use with sensitive fish.
Conclusion
Elephantnose fish are a wonderful introduction into the group of fish that we fondly refer to as 'oddballs.'
They're elegant, interesting, often readily available, and affordable—what's not to like?